Sudden infant death syndrome is the sudden and unexplained death of an infant younger than age 1 and is most common between 2 and 4 months old. While experts do not know the exact causes of SIDS, they believe parents and caregivers can help reduce the risk of SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths.
Dr. Panagiotis Kratimenos, a neonatologist at Children’s National Hospital, answers a few common questions about the diagnosis and shares risk reduction measures that can be implemented.
What is the best position for a baby to sleep in to prevent SIDS and why?
The safest position for a baby to sleep in to prevent SIDS is on the back. This position is recommended because sleeping on the stomach or side increases the risk of SIDS.
Is it safe for my baby to sleep in my bed? Can this lead to SIDS?
It is not safe for your baby to sleep in your bed. Bed-sharing significantly increases the risk of SIDS and other sleep-related deaths. The American Academy of Pediatrics strongly advises against bed-sharing for all babies, regardless of their age or other risk factors. Bed-sharing can lead to various dangers, including the following:
- Suffocation: Babies can suffocate on soft bedding, such as pillows, blankets, and comforters. They may also suffocate if they become trapped between the bed and the wall or headboard.
- Strangulation: Cords or other objects in the bed, such as necklaces, hair ties, or phone chargers, can pose a strangulation hazard to babies.
- Entrapment: Babies can become trapped between the bed and the wall or headboard or between two adults, which can result in suffocation or other injuries.
Does breastfeeding prevent SIDS? Does formula cause SIDS?
Yes, breastfeeding is associated with a reduced risk of SIDS. Studies have shown that breast-fed babies are less likely to succumb to SIDS than formula-fed infants. While the exact reasons are not fully understood, several factors contribute to this protective effect:
- Breast milk contains antibodies and other protective factors that help reduce the risk of infection.
- Breastfeeding can promote brain development and improve a baby’s arousal responses.
- Breastfed babies may be less prone to overheating during sleep.
Is it safe to put toys or stuffed animals in my baby’s crib?
It is not safe to place toys or stuffed animals in your baby’s crib. Soft objects like these can increase the risk of suffocation. Babies can suffocate if they come into contact with soft bedding, such as pillows, blankets, or comforters. They can also suffocate if they become wedged between soft objects, like stuffed animals or bumpers.
Is there anything I can do during my pregnancy to prevent SIDS?
Yes, there are several measures you can take during your pregnancy to reduce the risk of SIDS:
- Avoid smoking: Smoking during pregnancy is a significant risk factor for SIDS. It is crucial to quit smoking or vaping as early as possible, preferably before conceiving.
- Get regular prenatal care: Prenatal care helps identify and manage potential health issues that could increase your baby’s SIDS risk.
- Eat a healthy diet: Consuming a nutritious diet during pregnancy ensures your baby receives the necessary nutrients for proper development.
- Get enough sleep: Adequate sleep during pregnancy can reduce stress and improve overall health, benefiting you and your baby.
- Avoid alcohol and drug use: Alcohol and drugs during pregnancy can elevate the risk of SIDS, so abstaining from these substances is essential.
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